Gynecologic endoscopic applications consist of laparoscopy and hysteroscopy. Laparoscopy is visualization of peritoneal cavity via an endoscope. Once performed only for diagnostic purposes, laparoscopy is used for almost every gynecologic condition nowadays. Hysteroscopy is visualization of the endometrial cavity via an endoscope. It provides treatment of certain uterine anomalies once treated by open surgery.
Any patient suitable for any surgery may undergo endoscopy. For patients with respiratory disfunction, malignancy and numerous myoma uteri, open surgery is a better choice. Cervical cancer and endometrial cancer may be treated laparoscopically, but only by surgeons with sufficient expertise in this field.
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